Edward Willett

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Disease-Hunting Scientist: Dr. Laurie Richardson and black-band disease in coral

[podcast]http://edwardwillett.com/wp-content/upLoads//2009/05/laurie-richardson-and-black-band-disease.mp3[/podcast] My newest book, Disease-Hunting Scientist (Enslow Publishers) has now been officially released, and so this week I’m giving you a column-sized version of another of the lengthy chapters devoted to individual scientists in the book. Dr. Laurie Richardson, Professor of Biology at Florida International University in Miami, is researching black-band disease in coral reefs—which means she spends a lot of each summer scuba-diving, often for hours a day. At 287,231 square kilometers, coral reefs are less than a tenth of a percent of the total ocean floor. But they support more than a million species of marine life. They are also dying, from pollution, overfishing—and black-band disease, among others. Dr. Richardson started her career researching “microbial mats,” communities of ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 11:22, May 26th, 2009 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Searching out shipwrecks

Earlier this month, a company called Odyssey Marine Explorations Inc. announced that it has discovered the sunken wreck of the S.S. Republic, a steamer that went down in a hurricane off Savannah, Georgia, on October 25, 1865, carrying $400,000 in $20 gold coins--worth $120 to $180 million today. There was a time when sending a ship to Davy Jones’s Locker was thought permanent. These days, though, thanks to technological advances, Davy Jones’s Locker doesn’t seem all that well locked. That’s got a lot of would-be treasure hunters and archaeologists alike very excited: by UNESCO’s estimate, there are three million sunken ships scattered around the world’s oceans. Traditionally, treasure hunters and archaeologists have been in ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 16:19, August 26th, 2003 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

The colossal squid

I don't know how you feel about calamari, but it's always been a little too rubber-band-like to be one of my favorites. However you feel about it, though, I'm pretty sure you can agree with me that it's far better to eat calamari than to have the calamari eating you. That unsettling prospect was raised recently with discovery of the first nearly complete specimen of the largest known species of squid, Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni, in the waters near New Zealand. Up until now, like many people, I thought the so-called giant squid, Architeuthis dux, was the largest. Didn't Kirk Douglas battle one in Disney's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea? Turns out, though, that this other squid, nicknamed "colossal squid," is an order of ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 11:19, April 15th, 2003 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Sharks

It's that time of the year again. The weather is turning cooler, the leaves are changing color, Canadians are leafing through travel brochures featuring sandy beaches, blue water, and warm sunshine. Except... ...except, there's been a lot of news about shark attacks coming from those very same sunny beaches. Some could be excused for wondering if maybe a skiing vacation to Whistler might not be safer. Even if they can't ski. The last time I can remember so much talk about sharks was the summer Jaws was released. To judge by media coverage, beaches have suddenly become much more dangerous places. But is it true? First, a little basic information about sharks. Sharks are present ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 4:24, September 11th, 2001 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Submarines

  Submarines have been much in the news lately. Not only has world attention has been riveted on the tragic sinking of the Russian submarine Kursk, but Canada is in the process of getting new submarines and, in the U.S., the Civil War submarine that was the first to sink another ship has just been hauled out of Charleston Harbor. Aristotle described a type of submersible chamber used clear back in 332 B.C. by Alexander the Great. However, the first serious discussion of a submarine was written by William Bourne, a British mathematician, in 1578. A submarine similar to what he proposed, made of greased leather over wood and propelled by oars, was built by the Dutch inventor Cornelis Drebbel ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 23:01, August 22nd, 2000 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Aquarius

We've heard a lot recently about the Russian space station Mir and the new International Space Station. But most people don't know about a third station designed to allow humans to live and work in a hostile environment--not space, but the sea. It's called Aquarius, and recently a team of six "aquanauts" completed an eight-day mission to it, one of more than 20 that have been carried out in the past five years. Aquarius, built in the mid-1980s, is owned by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and operated by the National Undersea Research Center through the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Since 1993, it has been anchored at Conch Reef in the Floriday Keys ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 16:47, August 17th, 1998 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Black smokers

Deep beneath the oceans, continental plates grind together. Sea water seeps into the ocean floor, contacts superheated rock and roars back out through hydrothermal vents. Surrounding those vents, darkness, pressure, poison gas and heavy metal, acidity and temperatures ranging from freezing to hot enough to melt lead create a zone that would instantly kill most forms of life on this planet--and yet, life thrives there. It's so difficult to reach these regions of the ocean floor that we know very little about them. But we're about to learn more. Just a few days ago, a remote-controlled Canadian robot called ROPOS (Remotely Operated Platform for Ocean Science) descended 2,500 metres to the bottom of ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 11:55, July 6th, 1998 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Icebergs

They say that a movie is only as good as its villain, and the new movie Titanic, now packing people into theatres all over the world, has a whopper: a giant block of ice that tears open the "unsinkable" ship's hull and, a couple of hours later, send it to the bottom. Icebergs have bedevilled ships in the North Atlantic since the earliest crossings. You might say they automatically have right of way: they don't move for nobody, not even the mightiest passenger liner ever to set sail. But you can hardly blame them for that: after all, the iceberg that the Titanic hit, like every other iceberg in the ocean, began forming thousands of years ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 5:22, January 26th, 1998 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

Scuba diving

Now that winter has descended upon us in earnest, many Canadians are planning a trip south to Florida or the Caribbean, where they'll bask in the warm sun, eat exotic foods--and maybe even try a little scuba diving. "Scuba" is a word in its own right now, but originally it was an acronym for "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus." Attempts to develop such apparatus began in the early 20th century, but it wasn't until 1943 that what we think of as the typical scuba, called the Aqualung, was invented by Jacques Coustau and Emil Gagnan. It was the aqualung that opened up recreational diving to the likes of vacationing Snowbirds. Scuba divers wear tanks that carry a ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 16:16, January 5th, 1998 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »

The ocean

I've always been fascinated by the ocean: the endless rolling of the waves, the water's changing moods, the limitless horizon. Or maybe it's just because, coming from the dry prairies, I'm amazed that anything can be that big and wet. How big and wet? The ocean covers 71 percent of the Earth's surface: 361 million square kilometres, and holds roughly 1.34 billion cubic kilometres of water. Close to continents, it's relatively shallow, slowly sloping out, over a distance of many kilometres, to a depth of about 200 metres. This "continental shelf" gives way abruptly to the continental slope, which descends steeply to about 3500 metres; then there's an area called the continental rise, which slopes more ...

Posted by Edward Willett at 18:22, August 25th, 1997 under Blog, Columns, Science Columns | Comment now »